First, you want to think about what kind of adventuring you are interested in. If it's cycling, you have buy a good bike, along with the panniers, and the rest of the gear you need for camping. If you're hiking, you need some good shoes and a good, comfortable pack. So, as you look for your gear, consider what conditions you will be in. If you're wilderness hiking, you will need some additional gear that you won't need for hiking to a hostel. Are you hiking along or as a group? This is a very important factor! If you are in a group, you may not have to get certain things, such as a cook set.
As you look for gear, probably the first things you are going to look at (that costs some money) are a tent/hammock, sleeping bag, air mattress, cook set, backpack/panniers, and some good shoes. So, lets look at what you really need.
As far as a tent, are you hiking alone? If you are alone and don't need excess room, you can buy a small 2 person tent from WalMart. You can settle for a cheaper tent to start out with. You may spend around $60 for a tent to start out. If you have an abundance of money, you can get a more pricey tent such as an MSR, Big Agnes, or Eureka. However, these can cost as much as $300. My first backpacking tent was a 2 person one that was on sale at WalMart.
Now for the important thing: sleeping bag. A good sleeping bag is the difference between sleeping at night and being miserable. You want a good, comfortable sleeping bag. You can get one at WalMart, but the smaller ones that fit into a pack are not all that great. I recommend Big Agnes, North Face, or Slumberjack. These are a little costly, but will last a while and are much better than a $20 one. Of the 3 things that you should put a little more money into, I believe a sleeping bag is one.
Sleeping pads are cheap and a foam one can be bought for $5. The more comfort you want, the more you are going to spend. A basic one is around $5, but a better one can cost up to $30. If you insist on superior comfort, you can go with a backpacking air mattress such as a Big Agnes of Slumberloft. These can be expensive though. Before buying one of these, ask yourself how often you will really use it. I used mine a few times after getting it, then went to hammock camping and quit using it. I use it a little more now, but before buying gear, make sure you know what kind of camping you are interested in.
The second thing I believe you should spend some money on is shoes. It is important to have good hiking shoes! If you have mediocre shoes, your feet will hate you after a day of hiking. I recommend GTX, Columbia, Salomon, or Keen. These as expensive shoes, but are worth it. You should determine whether you need high tops or low cut. Generally, low cuts are cheaper. A good pair of shoes can range from $60 to $190.
The third thing that I think you should put a little extra money into is a backpack. If you buy a cheap backpack, it won't last long and will give you problems on the trail. Again, these can cost some money, sometimes up to $200. Before buying, determine what kind of hiking are doing. Are you day hiking? Then you don't need an expedition pack. There are different style packs for different types of hikes such as alpine, expedition, day packs, and climbing. If you get a good pack, it will last you for a very long time. I recommend brands such as Osprey, Teton, and North Face.
Cook sets and stoves can cost a small fortune, so you want to be sure what exactly you need. If you are hiking in a group, see if a couple others have a cook set and if they do, you may not need one. If you do get one for group hiking, you may need a bigger set. But then again, it depends on how you do meals. If you are hiking on your own or if everyone in your party is responsible for his own meals, get a smaller set. Not only are these cheaper, but they fit in a pack better. Some of these can cost up to $150, but you can find some for around $30. Some good brands are Jet Boil (which also has it's own built-in stove), GSI, or MSR. Think about how you cook. Do you minimize? Do you make extravagant meals? This will depend on what set you get. Also, do you winter camp? If so, you may need a bigger pot for melting snow.
Stoves can range from $20 to $200. If you are starting out, you probably don't need an expensive one. I have a $20 one that I got off Amazon when I first started backpacking and continue to use it because it works really well. You can get a Jet Boil, MSR, or Solostove, but these are expensive. Also decide what kind of cooking you will do and what type of stove you need. Will a wood stove or alcohol stove be sufficient for what you are doing?
From there, you have the rest of your your gear that is less expensive such as navigation, flashlights, paracord, etc. These things you can buy gradually. Some stuff you may think you need, but probably really don't. However, some things seem logical to have, but you end up not using it. The best way to determine what you need is to just out get out and camp and hike. As you gain experience, you will learn what you will use and what you won't. If you need a list of what you might need, refer to one of my previous posts on my gear list (click here).
Overall, you can budget for each item: tent $100, sleeping bag $50, sleeping pad $10, stove $30, backpack $150, shoes $90, cook set $30, misc. hiking/camping gear $120-$200. So, if you were to buy it all at once, you could pay around $600 which isn't too bad. The key is to really determine what you absolutely need and start with that. I hope this post has helped in figuring your cost and budgeting for your gear. As always, any questions or tips, please comment.
